Election Hub/Explainers

Informed civic guide

How are election results declared?

Polling-unit totals are collated through prescribed levels, and the authorised Returning Officer formally declares and returns the candidate who meets the legal requirements.

Sources checked 11 August 2026

At a glance

Key points

  • Counting begins at polling-unit level.
  • Result forms and transmitted figures are checked during collation.
  • The required collation path depends on the office being contested.
  • Only the authorised Returning Officer makes the formal return.

From polling unit to collation

The polling-unit result is recorded on the prescribed form. Figures then move through the collation levels specified for that election, where officials examine records and resolve issues in accordance with the law and INEC guidance.

Declaration and return

The authorised Returning Officer applies the constitutional and statutory tests for the office, declares the result and makes the formal return. A news report, party statement or partial portal total is not a substitute for that act.

Disputes and corrections

The Electoral Act provides procedures for disputed returns and election petitions. Courts and election tribunals determine challenges within their jurisdiction; Informed does not project or reverse official declarations.

Authoritative references

Sources